The life of modern society is closely intertwined with the widespread use of not only electrical but also thermal energy. Residential buildings, enterprises, various office spaces, and more are heated using thermal energy, which is also used for cooking, electricity generation, and many other human activities.

The comfort of human work and leisure conditions is directly related to concepts such as heating, ventilation, hot water supply, and others. For these purposes, hot water with a temperature of 80-90 °C is most commonly used by the consumer.
In general, the supply of thermal energy to any object is provided by a system consisting of three main elements: a heat source (for example, a boiler room), a thermal network (for example, hot water or steam pipes), and a heat receiver (for example, water heating radiators located in rooms).
Centralized heating based on CHP plants is the most rational solution for most cities. It allows not only to save a significant amount of fuel but also to significantly reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
The heat carrier from urban CHP plants is supplied to central heating points (CHPs) or individual heating points of multi-story buildings (IHPs) thanks to central heating pumps.
For these purposes, central heating pumps are used. Network pumps are designed to supply hot water through district heating systems and, depending on the installation location, are used as pumps for:
first lift, supplying water from the return pipe to the heaters;
second lift to supply water after the heaters into the district heating system;
recirculation pumps installed after water boilers.
Network pumps can operate both at CHP plants and at intermediate pumping stations of district heating systems. Hot water is supplied from the collectors of the direct network water of CHP plants to the urban area through main heating pipes. Main heating pipes have branches to which intra-block distribution is connected to central heating points (CHPs). CHPs contain heat exchange equipment with regulators that provide hot water supply to apartments and premises.
Central heating pumps (network pumps) must have increased reliability because disruptions or malfunctions in pump operation affect the operation mode of CHP plants and consumers. The main feature of the operation of network pumps is the fluctuations in the temperature of the supplied water within wide limits, which in turn causes changes in pressure inside the pump. Network pumps must operate reliably over a wide range of capacities, which undoubtedly requires a stable form of pressure characteristic. Changing the parameters of individual types of pumps can be achieved by trimming impellers within the limits specified by the manufacturer; the decrease in efficiency in this case should not exceed 3%.
The reliability and efficiency of central heating pumps are directly influenced by:
proper selection of the pump according to the required parameters of the network;
Taking into account the features of operation and inclusion in the equipment technological scheme;
precision and quality of manufacturing;
qualified installation and subsequent operation.
Central heating pumps are also used for heating multi-story buildings as part of an individual heating point (IHP).
An individual heating point is a device for receiving, accounting for, and distributing thermal energy from an urban heating network for the heating and hot water supply needs of the object where it is installed, for example, a multi-story building. IHPs are located in a separate room in the basement or technical floor of the building. A typical IHP block includes:
plate heat exchangers;
shut-off and control valves;
central heating pumps for circulating the heat carrier in the system;
Control and measuring instruments;
power and control panels with controllers.
Small circulation pumps with wet rotors or inline pumps are used as central heating pumps for IHPs. The most commonly used pumps are Grundfos, Wilo, EBARA pumps.